Alternative entry

Text Entry in Augmentative and Alternative Communication

A concise outline of background is given on assistive methods for writing and communicating for non-speaking people, highlighting the role of efficient text entry in augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). AAC systems are designed to assist people with communication impairments to interact with others and to compose messages and other documents. Efficient text entry is therefore of gr...

Single Point of Entry and the Bankruptcy Alternative

A Note on Alternative Matrix Entry Estimation Techniques

Estimation of trip tables and other matrices that are subject to constraints is a common practical problem. This note reviews four common estimation methods: (1) minimization of the sum of absolute deviations, (2) the biproportional technique, (3) information minimization and (4) constrained generalized least squares (CGLS) regression. A small example illustrates their application. Computationa...

Alternative ways to think about cellular internal ribosome entry.

Internal ribosome entry sites (IRESs) are specialized mRNA elements that allow recruitment of eukaryotic ribosomes to naturally uncapped mRNAs or to capped mRNAs under conditions in which cap-dependent translation is inhibited. Putative cellular IRESs have been proposed to play crucial roles in stress responses, development, apoptosis, cell cycle control, and neuronal function. However, most of...

Modeling data entry rates for ASR and alternative input methods

An often-cited advantage of automatic speech recognition (ASR) is that it is ‘fast’; it is quite easy for a person to speak at several hundred words a minute, well above the rates that are possible using other modes of data entry. However, in order to conduct a fair comparison between alternative data entry methods, it is necessary to consider not the input rate per se, but the rate at which it...